We argue that several reproductive strategies that parental investment theo
ry suggests are adaptive for men and for women are in fact most adaptive fo
r individuals able and willing to use power in dominance relationships. We
tested whether people's support for social dominance mediates their willing
ness to use these reproductive strategies. We hypothesized that the strateg
ies of multiple simultaneous mating, resistance to caring for children ns o
ne's own, and sexual jealousy will be appealing especially to men who appro
ve of social dominance, and that finding a high-status, high-earning mate w
ill appeal especially to women who approve of social dominance. Support for
the hypotheses using multiple samples and multiple measures was found, and
theoretical issues are discussed.