Research fundamentals: Statistical considerations in research design: A simple person's approach

A basic understanding of statistical methodology is essential, both for des igning quality research projects and for evaluating the medical literature. Careful statistical planning, including the selection of study endpoints, the determination of the required sample size, and the selection of statist ical tests to be used in the data analysis, is important to ensure a succes sful research project. The purpose of this article is to provide a basic re view of statistical terms and methods for both the researcher and the clini cian, as well as to clarify questions that need to be answered prior to emb arking on an experimental study. The advantages of collaborating with stati stical consultants, and some guidelines for such collaborations, are discus sed as well.