Chemotherapeutic DNA-damaging drugs activate interferon regulatory factor-7 by the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-4-c-jun NH2-terminal kinase pathway

Chemotherapeutic drugs and energy-rich radiation cause DNA damage, inducing signaling pathways for apoptotic cell death or cell growth arrest. The tum or suppressor gene p53 plays the critical role in the regulation of these D NA damage responses. Human tumor cells can become resistant to chemotherapy through functional inactivation of p53, Thus, it is important to identify p53-independent DNA damage signaling pathways. Here, treatment of cells wit h chemotherapeutic drugs or UV irradiation potentiated the transcriptional activity of IFN regulatory factor-7 (IRF7), inducing its phosphorylation an d its nuclear translocation, Furthermore, IRF7 was activated by the c-dun N H2-terminal kinase (JNK) in response to DNA-damaging agents. Activation of JNK by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-4 stimulated the transcripti onal activity of IRM and induced its translocation into the nucleus. Thus, activation of IRF7 through the JNK signaling pathway may play a role in the transcriptional regulation of genes in response to DNA-damaging agents.