ANTHROPOGENICALLY TRANSFORMED SOILS IN WORLD SOIL CLASSIFICATIONS

A comparative analysis of the position of anthropogenically transforme d soils (ATSs) in different soil classifications (i.e., in the new Rus sian substantive genetic soil classification, the American Soil Taxono my, and the International Soil Classification developed by FAO/UNESCO) is presented. In all these systems, ATSs are diagnosed on the basis o f the structure and composition of their profiles and are classified i n one system together with natural soils. However, the Russian system is marked by a greater diversity of ATSs, since not only the subsurfac e (intermediate) soil horizons but also surface organogenic and eluvia l horizons are used for diagnostics of ATSs.