We have used a differential alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay
of DNA ("omet assay'' at pH 13 and 12.3) to evaluate DNA damage as a functi
on of age in mice with an inherited defect in gluthathione (GSH) metabolism
. The mice are homozygous null for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), the
enzyme responsible for initiating the catabolism of GSH, and paradoxically
have reduced levels of GSH and cysteine in many organs. We found an accumul
ation of DNA damage in lung, liver and kidney in these mice as a function o
f age. The largest differences were in assays run at pH 13, suggesting that
the accumulation of apurinic/apryrimidinic (AP) sites and oxidative damage
of DNA was largely responsible. In contrast, little if any accumulation of
these lesions was detected in wild-type mice. Although these findings do n
ot allow a precise analysis of the molecular basis of damage accumulation i
n GGT-deficient mice, they implicate low GSH and cysteine levels as a cause
of accumulative DNA. damage in the intact mammal. (C) 2000 Elsevier Scienc
e B.V. All rights reserved.