The need for guidelines stems from the human and economic burdens of d
isabilities, from variations in practice patterns, and from controvers
y over the effectiveness of rehabilitation. This article describes the
development of the stroke rehabilitation guidelines and highlights se
veral recommendations that have implications for geriatric rehabilitat
ion more generally. It then describes a pilot test of resulting review
criteria and a study in progress that is examining the extent to whic
h rehabilitation referrals after acute strokes follow guideline recomm
endations. Finally, it closes by underscoring several policy challenge
s that will be critical to achieving more cost-effective use of rehabi
litation resources.