Piperazine oestrone sulphate and interrupted norethisterone in postmenopausal women: effects on bone mass, lipoprotein metabolism, climacteric symptoms, and adverse effects

Objective To compare the effects of two doses of piperazine oestrone sulpha te combined with interrupted norethisterone, with that of oestradiol contin uously combined with norethisterone acetate, and with placebo, in postmenop ausal women. Design A prospective randomised trial. Participants Two hundred postmenopausal women. Setting Monocentre study with expertise in osteoporosis. Methods The participants were randomly assigned to two years of treatment w ith alternating three-day cycles of 1.5 mg of piperazine oestrone sulphate plus 0.7 mg of norethisterone (highEP), or alternating three-day cycles of 0.75 mg of piperaine oestrone sulphate plus 0.35 mg of norethisterone (lowE P), or 2 mg of 17 beta-oestradiol continuously combined with 1 mg of noreth isterone acetate (E-2+NETA), or placebo. Main outcome measures Change in bone mineral density, lipoprotein metabolis m, climacteric symptoms, and adverse effects. Results One hundred and twenty-one women completed the study. Spinal bone m ineral density was increased about 9% over two years by E-2+NETA, about 6% by highEP, 4% by lowEP, but remained unchanged in the placebo group. The sa me pattern was seen in the hip and forearm. All hormone regimens decreased markers of bone turnover and alleviated climacteric symptoms. Serum lipopro teins decreased by about 10% in all hormone groups. Conclusions All hormone regimens studied prevented bone loss completely and lowered serum lipids.