Correlating electronic structure with cycling performance of substituted LiMn2O4 electrode materials: A study using the techniques of soft X-ray absorption and emission
Mm. Grush et al., Correlating electronic structure with cycling performance of substituted LiMn2O4 electrode materials: A study using the techniques of soft X-ray absorption and emission, CHEM MATER, 12(3), 2000, pp. 659-664
Rechargeable batteries using LiMn2O4 cathodes are commercially attractive,
if the problem of excessive capacity fading can be overcome. The cycling pr
operties of these systems can be improved by partial metal substitution for
the Mn. To understand the correlation between electrode performance and co
mposition, Mn, Co, and Ni L-edge XAS and XES spectra of a series of LiMn2-y
MeO4 samples (Me CO, Ni, Li) were recorded. Cobalt is shown to substitute i
nto the spinel system as Co(III) and nickel as Ni(II). A positive correlati
on between the cycling stability of the electrode and. the covalency of the
Mn is observed.