Effect of phenolic structures on the degradability of cell walls isolated from newly extended apical internode of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)

Apical internodes of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. var, Clarine) harvested at flowering were sectioned into 5 or 10 equal parts to study in situ degradability and cell wall composition, respectively. The basal (you ngest) section had the greatest primary wall content. Cell walls in the upp er (older) sections had the highest xylose/arabinose ratio and lignin conte nt and a lignin rich in syringyl units, all typical of extensive secondary wall development. Almost all of the p-coumaric (p-CA) and about half of the ferulic acid (FA) were released by 1 M NaOH and presumed to be ester-linke d. The total FA content was approximately double that of p-CA in all sectio ns other than the youngest with a distribution similar to that of total p-C A. However, the ratio of esterified to ether and ether plus ester linked (E t & Et+Es) FA differed with age. Whereas the esterified form remained essen tially: constant (similar to 4.5 g/kg of cell wall), Et & Et+Es ferulate in creased with increasing age of the tissue and was significantly related to lignin deposition (r = 0.79, P < 0.01). The extent of cell wall degradation after 48 h of incubation in the rumen was inversely related to maturity, f alling from 835 g/kg of dry matter in the youngest section to 396 g/kg in t he oldest. Both the rate and extent of cell wall degradation were significa ntly negatively related to the ratio of xyIose to arabinose, lignin content , proportion of syringyl units present in lignin, and concentration of Et & Et+Es FA present. A positive relationship between Et & Et+Es FA was also f ound, with the rate (P < 0.01) being better correlated than the extent (P < 0.05) of cell wall degradation. Application of the newly extended internod e model to fescue produced results consistent with the view that both the l ignin content and the extent to which lignin was covalently bound to the ot her Nail polymers crucially influenced the rate and extent of degradation.