Phosphorylated morpholine acetal human neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists as water-soluble prodrugs

The regioselective dibenzylphosphorylation of 2 followed by catalytic reduc tion in the presence of N-methyl-D-glucamine afforded 2-(S)-(1-(R)-(3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-3-(S)-(4-fluoro)phenyl-4-(5-(2-phosphoryl-3 -oxo-4H,1,2,4-triazolo)methylmorpholine, bis(N-methyl-D-glucamine) salt, 11 . Incubation of 11 in rat, dog, and human plasma and in human hepatic subce llular fractions in vitro indicated that conversion to 2 would be expected to occur in vivo most readily in humans during hepatic circulation. Convers ion of 11 to 2 occurred rapidly in vivo in the rat and dog with the levels of 11 being undetectable within 5 min after 1 and 8 mg/kg doses iv in the r at and within 15 min after 0.5, 2, and 32 mg/kg doses iv in the dog. Compou nd 11 has a 10-fold lower affinity for the human NK-1 receptor as compared to 2, but it is functionally equivalent to 2 in preclinical models of NK-1- mediated inflammation in the guinea pig and cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret, indicating that 11 acts as a prodrug of 2. Based in part on these data, 11 was identified as a novel, water-soluble prodrug of the clinical c andidate 2 suitable for intravenous administration in humans.