Two similar truffle species described by Vittadini, Tuber borchii and T. ma
culatum, were compared. We designate neotypes for both species, which were
described microscopically and compared with fresh samples both morphologica
lly and by DNA analysis. The results show that the collections, originally
described by Vittadini on macroscopic characters and taste and smell, indee
d represent distinct species that can be differentiated by peridial anatomy
and DNA analysis.