The effect of surface interband transitions (SIT) on surface plasmon disper
sion was investigated by high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy
for Ag(001). We demonstrate that the anomalous linear dispersion on this fa
ce, which is at variance with the parabolic form present for the other low
Miller index surfaces, is due to a SIT between Shockley states that nearly
matches the surface plasmon frequency. The anomaly is eliminated when the s
ubstrate undergoes a missing-row reconstruction induced by oxygen adsorptio
n that removes the SIT.