We construct a hypothesis test for examining the stationarity of the evolut
ion law for a time series of discrete symbols: whether two data streams app
ear to originate from the same underlying, but unknown, dynamical system. B
ased on techniques from the theory of data compression, our method intellig
ently accounts for the substantial serial correlation and nonlinearity foun
d in realistic dynamical data. We demonstrate the method on a number of rea
listic experimental datasets.