The National Academy of Sciences offers a new framework for addressing global warming issues

The recent landmark report by the National Academy of Sciences reviewed the science on which the Kyoto Protocol was based. NAS concluded that the poli cy choices and the mandatory reductions in greenhouse gases by the develope d nations were based on incomplete science with significant uncertainties. In view of these uncertainties the NAS report developed a comprehensive str ategic 10-year research program to address the basic issue of whether human activity that results in environmental changes is responsible for climate changes. The report provides a new framework for consideration of global wa rming issues. The UN International Panel on Climate Change (the UN science advisor) in its 1997 report to the Kyoto parties pointed out the confusing difference between scientific usage of the term "climate change" that disti nguishes human from natural causes of change and the official usage that co mbines natural and human causes of changes in climate. The conclusion of th e UN panel on human causes is equivocal. The 1999 report of the U.S. Global Science Research Committee also reached an equivocal conclusion on human c auses and announced a 10-year research program to be developed in consultat ion with NAS, The precautionary measures provided in the 1992 UN Framework Convention differ from the ill defined "precautionary principle" based on f ear of uncertainty, and are consistent with the objectives of the NAS propo sed research program,These developments together with the third report of t he UN Intergovernmental Science Panel on developments in climate science du e in 2001 merit consideration by the convention of the parties under the Ky oto Protocol. (C) 2000 Academic Press.