An analysis of consanguineous marriage in the Muslim population of India at regional and state levels

Consanguineous marriage is widely favoured in a large majority of the world 's Islamic populations. According to recent estimates, the resident Muslim population of India is over 100 million. However, apart from a few numerica lly small or geographically defined surveys, little is known about their pa tterns of marriage preferences since partition of the Indian Subcontinent i n 1947. This study seeks to determine the prevalence and patterns of consan guineous marriages contracted among Indian Muslims at regional and state le vers during the last two generations. Data from the 1992/93 Indian National Family Health Survey (NFHS) were used in the analysis. The NFHS was a nati onally-representative survey of ever-married women aged 13-49 years, conduc ted across 25 states of India. Of the initial 9845 respondents, 8436 were i ncluded in the final weighted analysis sample. Overall, 22.0% of marriages were found to be contracted between spouses related as second cousins or cl oser, ranging from 15.9% in the eastern states to 32.9% in the western stat es of India. In all parts of the country first cousin marriages were the pr eferred form of consanguineous union, and in four of the five regions pater nal first cousin marriages predominated. Despite predictions to the contrar y, there was no evidence of a significant change in the prevalence of consa nguineous unions over the course of the study period, which extended from t he late 1950s to the early 1990s.