Structure and morphology of phthalocyanine films grown in electrical fields by vapor deposition

Phthalocyanine (Pc) films have been synthesized by vapor deposition on quar tz substrates. some of which were coated with a very thin gold film before depositing the Pc films. Electrical fields up to 6200 V/cm between a mech e lectrode and the substrate are introduced during film growth. These films h ave been characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscop y. The molecular orientations and surface morphology of Pc films were chang ed under the electrical fields. The surface of these films grown without an electrical field shows whisk-like morphology. When films are deposited und er an electrical field. a dense film with a flat surface is obtained. (C) 2 000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.