The adenovirus E1A and SV40 large-T-antigen oncoproteins bind to membe
rs of the p300/CBP transcriptional coactivator family. Binding of p300
/CBP is implicated in the transforming mechanisms of EIA and T-antigen
oncoproteins. A common region of the T antigen is critical for bindin
g both p300/CBP and the tumour suppressor p53 (ref. 1), suggesting a l
ink between the functions of p53 and p300. Here we report that p300/CB
P binds to p53 in the absence of viral oncoproteins, and that p300 and
p53 colocalize within the nucleus and coexist in a stable DNA-binding
complex. Consistent with its ability to bind to p300, E1A disrupted f
unctions mediated by p53. It reduced p53-mediated activation of the p2
1 and bax promoters, and suppressed p53-induced cell-cycle arrest and
apoptosis. We conclude that members of the p300/CBP family are transcr
iptional adaptors for p53, modulating its checkpoint function in the G
1 phase of the cell cycle and its induction of apoptosis. Disruption o
f p300/p53-dependent growth control may be part of the mechanism by wh
ich E1A induces cell transformation. These results help to explain how
p53 mediates growth and checkpoint control, and how members of the p3
00/CBP family affect progression from G1 to the S phase of the cell cy
cle.