Energy applications of olive-oil industry by-products: I. The exhaust footcake

The energy characteristics of the exhaust foot cake (EFC) from the olive-oi l extraction industry are described in this paper. This biomass has proved to be an interesting energy source. The use of this solid-waste as a combus tible in brick manufacture is economically profitable: 1100 tons of EFC yea rly substitute 420 EOT of No. 2 heavy fuel containing 4% of sulphur. The us e of this solid-waste as an energy source is environment friendly, as it re duces the nuisance of solid-waste and gas emissions to the atmosphere, part iculary sulphur oxides. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.