Gr. Eastham et al., Synthesis and spectroscopic characterisation of all the intermediates in the Pd-catalysed methoxycarbonylation of ethene, CHEM COMMUN, (7), 2000, pp. 609-610
The pathway of the palladium catalysed methoxycarbonylation of ethene to me
thyl propanoate has been shown to occur via a hydride rather than a methoxy
carbonyl cycle and all the intermediates in this cycle have been unambiguou
sly identified by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and C-13-labelling.