This paper reviews recent advancements in the fundamental studies and appli
cations of the EDM process. alt-hough EDM gap phenomena are very complicate
d and hence are not yet understood very well, recent developments in comput
ers and electronics measuring instruments are contributing to new discoveri
es and inventions in the EDM technology. This trend sometimes results in th
e conflict with established theories on EDM phenomena. On the other hand, E
DM processes believed to be impossible or unrealistic are now becoming prac
tical. This report aims to show the prospects of the EDM technologies by in
terrelating recent achievements in fundamental studies on EDM with advanced
application technologies newly developed.