The origin of the strong CO Cameron band emission in the Red Rectangle is i
nvestigated. From a comparison of laboratory spectroscopic data and astrono
mical observations in combination with chemical modelling, it is concluded
that the Cameron band emission of CO originates from the dissociative recom
bination of HCO+, and its intensity provides a measure of the product of th
e density of HCO+ ions and the electron density, integrated along the line
of sight.