Effect of tundish shape on inclusion outflow ratio

Molten steel flow and inclusion removal behavior in tundish were studied by using numerical simulation and water-model experiment. The effects of tund ish characteristics such as width, depth, length on inclusion outflow ratio were evaluated and a new inclusion outflow model was deduced using tundish Width/Depth ratio. The results are as follows, (1) By a bottom short-circuit flow in a tundish, inclusion outflow ratio is extremely increased in the case of Width/Depth ratio<0.6. (2) With the enlargement of tundish width in same volume, inclusion outflow ratio is decreased. (3) When Width/Depth ratio exceeds 1.5, cross-sectional circular flow is en larged and inclusion outflow ratio attains to a constant value.