Modeling stress state dependent damage evolution in a cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy

Internal state variable rate equations are cast in a continuum framework to model void nucleation, growth, and coalescence in a cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy. The kinematics and constitutive relations for damage resulting from void nucleation, growth, and coalescence are discussed. Because damage evo lution is intimately coupled with the stress state, internal state variable hardening rate equations are developed to distinguish between compression, tension, and torsion straining conditions. The scalar isotropic hardening equation and second rank tensorial kinematic hardening equation from the Ba mmann-Chiesa-Johnson (BCJ) Plasticity model are modified to account for har dening rate differences under tension, compression, and torsion. A method f or determining the material constants for the plasticity and damage equatio ns is presented. Parameter determination for the proposed phenomenological nucleation rate equation, motivated from fracture mechanics and microscale physical observations, involves counting nucleation sites as a function of strain from optical micrographs. Although different void growth models can be included, the McClintock void growth model is used in this study. A coal escence model is also introduced. The damage framework is then evaluated wi th respect to experimental tensile data of notched Al-Si-Mg cast aluminum a lloy specimens. Finite element results employing the damage framework are s hown to illustrate its usefulness. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All right s reserved.