Expression of macrophage (M phi) scavenger receptor, CD36, in cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells in association with expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma, which regulates gain of M phi-like phenotype in vitro, and its implication in atherogenesis
K. Matsumoto et al., Expression of macrophage (M phi) scavenger receptor, CD36, in cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells in association with expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma, which regulates gain of M phi-like phenotype in vitro, and its implication in atherogenesis, ART THROM V, 20(4), 2000, pp. 1027-1032
CD36 is one of the major receptors for oxidized low density lipoproteins be
longing to macrophage (M phi) scavenger receptor (SR) class B and is though
t to play an important role in the foam cell formation from monocyte-M phi
in the atherosclerotic lesions. Although it has been hypothesized that smoo
th muscle cells (SMCs) may be the other origin of foam cells in vivo, suppo
rting data are still very limited. In the present study, we have tested the
expression of a variety of SRs, including CD36, in 8 lots of primary human
aortic SMCs (HASMCs) explanted from 8 different donors. Functional CD36 wa
s expressed in cultured HASMCs, and the levels of expression were widely ra
nged between the lots. SR class A (SR-A) was expressed abundantly in CD36-n
egative lots. Other M phi markers, such as CD32 and CD68, were expressed in
all lots tested. These data suggest that the cultured HASMCs gained an M p
hi-like phenotype. To determine the mechanism for the above-described pheno
typic change, we have tested the expression of a nuclear receptor, peroxiso
me proliferator activated receptor-gamma, in those cells. This nuclear rece
ptor was abundantly expressed in CD36-positive lots, whereas c-fms was expr
essed abundantly in CD36-negative/SR-A-positive lots. The synthetic ligand
of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma, troglitazone, upregula
ted the expression of CD36 only in CD36-positive lots.-These observations d
emonstrate that cultured HASMCs can gain an M phi-like phenotype, possibly
classified by the expression of CD36 or SR-A. The present study may support
the possibilities of transformation of HASMCs into foam cells in vivo.