Radiation risk estimation in varicocele embolization

Varicocele embolization is performed in healthy young men with normal life expectancy. Therefore, it is essential that the radiation risks associated with the procedure are minimized. The radiation risks associated with varic ocele embolization have been estimated retrospectively from dose-area produ ct records in a series of 41 cases and compared with a prospective series o f 10 cases. Lithium fluoride dosemeters were used to measure gonad dose in the prospective series. Estimated lifetime fatal cancer risk was of the ord er of 0.1% in the retrospective series. A seven-fold reduction in median ra diation dose was observed in the prospective series. The results indicate t hat with meticulous attention to technique, substantial reductions in radia tion exposure can be achieved.