Principle and process of heavy metal removal from sewage sludge

The sufficient removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge remains to be ach ieved. Heavy metals that exist on the cell surfaces of the microorganisms i n the sludge seem to be dissolved by acid treatments. This study shows that heavy metals in sewage sludge can be removed easily by treating a sludge f ilter cake with phosphoric acid containing hydrogen peroxide for 1 h at roo m temperature. Phosphoric acid of 8% concentration with hydrogen peroxide s howed good removal rates of heavy metals comparable to those by 1 N hydroch loric acid. Copper is easily removed from the sludge in the presence of hyd rogen peroxide. From the results of the investigation of the solubilities o f several copper compounds into phosphoric acid with or without hydrogen pe roxide, the copper in the sludge does not exist as copper sulfides, but it seems to exist as copper thiolates containing Cu(I) in biopolymers. In this process, the phosphoric acid used for the removal of heavy metals is almos t entirely recovered and is reused. Sewage sludge with low content of heavy metals can be recycled as a useful resource.