Natural convection from a discrete heat source on the bottom of a horizontal enclosure

Steady, natural convection from a discrete flush-mounted rectangular heat s ource on the bottom of a horizontal enclosure is studied numerically. Three -dimensional form of Navier-Stokes equations are solved by using multigrid technique. Rayleigh number based on the enclosure height is varied from 10( 3) until unstable flow is predicted for a fixed Prandtl number of 0.71. Asp ect ratio of the source is varied until it fully covered the entire width o f the bottom plate. The enclosure is cooled from above and insulated from t he bottom. Effect of vertical boundary conditions on the rate of heat trans fer from the heat source is studied. It is found that the rate of heat tran sfer is not so sensitive to the vertical wall boundary conditions. The limi t of the maximum Rayleigh number to obtain a convergent solution decreases as the aspect ratio of the sourer is increased. The variation of Nusselt nu mber as a function of Rayleigh number and aspect ratio of the source is rep orted. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.