The optical and electronic properties of self-organized quantum dots (QDs)
are of decisive importance for the performance of laser diodes with such QD
s as the active medium. Of primary interest is the gain with regard to its
spectral position, width, magnitude, and temporal behavior. We survey the m
utually stimulating advances in the theoretical understanding of QD gain an
d the performance of QD lasers. Emphasis is put on the temperature dependen
ce of the carrier distribution function.