Today researchers agree that southern African San rock art dealt with issue
s that lay at the heart of San society and belief. Yet points of comparativ
ely minor disagreement have tended to give an altogether different impressi
on. This article addresses some theoretical, methodological and logical mis
understanding that complicate the literature and that have created what app
ears to be an impasse. It is argued that, once the true nature of these dis
putes had been recognised, researchers will be able to move forward to more
substantive matters.