Neoclasic economic theory and environmental policy instruments

Climate changes, due to global warming by anthropogenic emissions of greenh ouse gases in a higher rate than their natural remotion from the atmosphere , ask for adopting effective policies to mitigate those emissions. An impor tant aspect about the future of such policies must be increasing the mitiga tion action cost effectiveness. In these lines, the object of this article is to identify environment policy instruments applied in the international level, which may grant a reference to improve local environmental policies in developing countries. Advantages and disadvantages of applying those ins truments in some countries are analyzed and some mechanisms and instruments applicable in those realities are discussed.