Applications of phthalocyanines in organic light emitting devices

Numerous experimental set-ups for organic light emitting devices including novel elaborate materials have been proposed during the last years. It is r emarkable that in a large part of devices, phthalocyanines that are known f or several decades are employed successfully in different functions. For th is reason, a survey on the use of phthalocyanines in organic light emitting devices is provided. Owing to the great variety of device set-ups the find ings of different working groups are not directly comparable in some cases. Nevertheless, it is shown that as a result of their advantageous physical properties phthalocyanines are a favourable choice for the increase in stab ility of uch devices. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.