The failure to identify rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in an early study o
f the echidna at an unmeasured ambient temperature (T-a) was unexpected, as
its brain stem structures resemble those that generate REMS in other mamma
ls. However, typical mammalian REMS was evident in echidnas exposed to seve
ral T(a)s. The parallel presence of REMS in birds points to its reptilian o
rigin. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reser
ved.