In dual chamber pacemakers, atrial sensing performance is decisive for main
tenance of AV synchrony. Particularly, the efficacy of mode switching algor
ithms during intermittent atrial tachyarrhythmias depends on the sensitive
detection of low potential amplitudes. Therefore, a high atrial sensitivity
of 0.18 mV, commonly used in single lead VDD pacemakers, was investigated
for its efficacy and safety in DDD pacing. Thirty patients received dual ch
amber pacemakers and bipolar atrial screw-in leads for sinus node syndrome
or AV block; 15 patients suffered from intermittent atrial fibrillation. Pa
ce makers were programmed to an atrial sensitivity of 0.18 mV. Two weeks, 3
, 9, and 15 months after implantation, P wave sensing threshold and T wave
oversensing thresholds for the native and paced T wave were determined. The
myopotential oversensing thresholds were evaluated by isometric contractio
n of the pectoral muscles. Automatic mode switch to DDIR pacing was activat
ed when the mean atrial rate exceeded 180 beats/min. The patients were foll
owed by 24-hour Holter monitoring. Two weeks after implantation, mean atria
l sensing threshold was 1.81 +/- 0.85 mV(range 0.25-2.8 mV) without signifi
cant differences during further follow-up. Native T wave sensing threshold
was < 0.18 mV in all patients, in 13% of patients, paced T waves were perce
ived in the atrial channel at the highest sensitivity. This T wave sensing
could easily be avoided by programming a postventricular atrial refractory
period exceeding 300 ms. Myopotential oversensing could not be provoked and
Holter records showed no signs of sensing dysfunction. During a 15-month f
ollow-up, 1,191 mode switch events were counted by autodiagnostic pacemaker
function. Forty-two of these events occurred during Holter monitoring. Unj
ustified mode switch was not observed. In DDD pacemakers, bipolar atrial se
nsing with a very high sensitivity is efficient and safe. Using these sensi
tivity settings, activation of the mode switch algorithm almost completely
avoids fast transmission of atrial rate to the ventricle during atrial fibr
illation.