Effects of attentional focus, self-control, and dyad training on motor learning: Implications for physical rehabilitation

In this article, the authors review recent studies on 3 factors that have b een shown to affect the learning of motor skills-the performer's attentiona l focus, self-control, and practice in dyads-and discuss their implications for rehabilitation. Research has shown that directing Learners' attention to the effects of their movements can be more beneficial for learning than directing their attention to the details of their own actions. Furthermore, giving learners some control oner the training regimen has been found to e nhance learning, unlike prescriptive training protocols that dictate when f eedback will be delivered, how often, and the order that tasks will be prac ticed. Finally, not only can practice in dyads (or larger groups) reduce th e costs of training, but it can also result in more effective learning than individual practice sessions. The incorporation of these factors into reha bilitation practice can potentially enhance the effectiveness and efficienc y of rehabilitation.