NADPH oxidase is an O-2 sensor in airway chemoreceptors: Evidence from K+ current modulation in wild-type and oxidase-deficient mice

Pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) are presumed airway chemoreceptors that express the putative O-2 sensor protein NADPH oxidase and O-2-sensitiv e K+ channels K+(O-2). Although there is a consensus that redox modulation of K+(O-2) may be a common O-2-sensing mechanism, the identity of the Oz se nsor and related coupling pathways are still controversial. To test whether NADPH oxidase is the O-2 sensor in NEB cells, we performed patch-clamp exp eriments on intact NEBs identified by neutral red staining in fresh lung sl ices from wild-type (WT) and oxidase-deficient (OD) mice. In OD mice, cytoc hrome b(558) and oxidase function was disrupted in the gp91(phox) subunit c oding region by insertion of a neomycin phosphotransferase (neo) gene. Expr ession in NEB cells of neo mRNA, a marker for nonfunctional gp91(phox), was confirmed by nonisotopic in situ hybridization. In WT cells, hypoxia (pO(2 ) = 15-20 mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133 Pa) caused a reversible inhibition ( approxima te to 46%) of both Ca2+-independent and Ca2+-dependent K+ currents. In cont rast, hypoxia had no effect on K+ current in OD cells, even though both Kcurrent components were expressed. Diphenylene iodonium (1 mu M), an inhibi tor of the oxidase, reduced K+ current by approximate to 30% in WT cells bu t had no effect in OD cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 0.25 mM), a reactive oxygen species generated by functional NADPH oxidase, augmented K+ current by >30% in both WT and OD cells; further, in WT cells, H2O2 restored K+ cur rent amplitude in the presence of diphenylene iodonium. We conclude that NA DPH oxidase acts as the O-2 sensor in pulmonary airway chemoreceptors.