The effect of an axial energy spread on the linear pin in backward wav
e oscillators is considered. The electron beam is assumed to be mono-e
nergetic with a momentum spread. The results obtained show that for a
Gaussian distribution in the beam axial momentum, the gain of a backwa
rd wave oscillator falls off rapidly when the momentum spread is of th
e order of 2.0% for a given set of parameters corresponding to backwar
d wave oscillator experiments.