The aim of this work is to discuss the ethical issues regarding the use of
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in adolescents. Ethical implications of ECT
in adolescents are analyzed in the light of general medical ethics, which
include five prominent principles with respect to autonomy, nonmaleficence,
beneficence, justice, and cautiousness. As adults, adolescents with acute
psychotic impairment raise an inherent conflict between the respect for the
patient's autonomy, on the one side, and the principle of beneficence on t
he other. However, this age group presents particular dilemmas: (i) As any
adolescent suffering from a psychiatric illness is a highly vulnerable subj
ect, society asks for particular attention. The consequence of potential ov
erprotection is that the adolescent may remain untreated because of unreali
stic fears regarding ECT. (ii) Some of these fears are linked to the cognit
ive secondary effects of ECT. Although preliminary data are reassuring, mor
e empirical research on this population should be encouraged. (iii) Cautiou
sness recommends the use of ECT in limited indications catatonia, mood diso
rders, and intractable acute psychotic disorders. We conclude that there is
no ethical reason to ban the use of ECT in adolescents. Ethical options in
clinical practice must be evaluated empirically with respect to the conseq
uences for the patient. Dogmatic views should be set aside.