A renal transplant recipient with isolated cerebral aspergilloma 4 mon
ths after allograft transplantation is reported. On admission cerebral
computed tomography showed a ring-enhancing mass in the left frontal
hemisphere and aspirated purulent material revealed A. fumigatus hypha
e. He was cured by short-term antifungal therapy and neurosurgical rem
oval of the well demarcated lesion. He is still alive more than two ye
ars later and the renal transplant is well functioning. This is the fi
rst report of a renal transplant recipient with isolated cerebral aspe
rgillosis without any relapse and only the third patient who has survi
ved longer than 3 months. Early diagnostic procedures with rapid confi
rmation of aspergillus infection are pivotal for a benign clinical cou
rse.