Modelling wormhole flow in cold production

Wormholes are believed to be generated during the initial phase of cold pro duction and are responsible for enhanced production rates when sand cuts ar e reduced to their minimum. in this work, we present a theoretical model de scribing sand and fluids flow within a wormhole uniformly filled with sand. This model is based on the Darcy-Brinkman equations for fluids in mobile s and, a rheological equation for sand motion, and conservation laws. Velocit y profiles of sand and fluid are calculated and used to establish the relat ion between the pressure drop and the flow rates. An estimation of wormhole size is also provided. This model. provides understanding of the basic now behaviour in a wormhole during the massive sand production stage of cold p roduction. It also provides some key parameters for field scale numerical s imulations of cold production.