Cytogenetic toxicity of cisplatin in bone marrow cells of Swiss mice

The inorganic platinum compound cisplatin (CP) in Oncoplatin, an anticancer drug, as the test chemical and cyclophosphamide (CY) in Endoxan, another a nticancer drug, as the positive control, were tested for their cytogenetic toxicity in bone marrow cells of Swiss mice. The end points selected were m itotic metaphase chromosomal aberration and mitotic index study at 24-hour post-treatment and micronucleus test at 30-hour post-treatment after a sing le intraperitoneal exposure. The doses of the chemicals tested were CP 2, 3 and 5 mg/kg and CY 40 mg/kg b.w, of mice. Each of the doses of CP induced a significant number of chromosomal aberrations, mostly chromatid breaks an d fragments and a significant number of micronuclei, The mitotic index stud y indicated CP as nonmitotoxic. The female mice were found more sensitive t o each of the doses of CP than the males by showing more chromosomal aberra tions, a higher number of micronuclei and comparatively less percentages of dividing cells. CP was thus found to be highly clastogenic in bone marrow cells of Swiss mice.