Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is a safe, simple, and inexpensive proc
edure that is particularly applicable for lesions of the head and neck. In
our department, it is widely used for the evaluation of thyroid nodules. A
total of 189 patients participated in a prospective study of benign thyroid
nodules. Our aim was to verify the modality of treatment used in our depar
tment and the reliability of benign cytologic results of colloid goiter. Al
l patients had cold nodules on thyroid scanning. The patients were divided
into two groups, the first comprising 93 patients who did not undergo thyro
id surgery and were followed up for 5 to 11 years. One case of malignancy w
as found in this group during the follow-up. The second group was comprised
of 96 patients who were operated on despite FNA results of colloid goiter.
Among them, five cases of malignancy were found. Four of these five cases
could not be regarded as FNA failure. Our study confirms that the combinati
on of clinical findings with those of the FNA is a reliable approach to the
management of benign thyroid nodules. Nevertheless, longterm follow-up is
mandatory and repetitive aspirations should be considered.