Bridging practices - Intertwining content and pedagogy in teaching and learning to teach

Subject matter and pedagogy have been peculiarly and persistently divided i n the conceptualization and curriculum of teacher education and learning to teach. This fragmentation of practice leaves teachers an their own with th e challenge of integrating subject matter knowledge and pedagogy in the con texts of their work. Yet, being able to do this is fundamental to engaging in the core tasks of teaching, and it is critical to being able to teach al l students well. This article proposes three problems that would have to be solved to bridge this gap and to prepare teachers who not only know conten t but can make use of it to help all students learn. The first problem conc erns identifying the content knowledge that matters for teaching, the secon d regards understanding how such knowledge needs to be held, and the third centers on what it takes to learn to use such knowledge in practice.