An improvement has been made to Rouard's method for the analysis of fiber a
nd waveguide gratings. The real reflectivity of each interface is used inst
ead of an approximate value obtained by coupled-mode theory. The improved R
ouard's method becomes a complete Rouard's method and an exact method. It i
s simple and independent on coupled-mode theory for no calculation of coupl
ing coefficient required. Numerical examples of uniform and nonuniform grat
ings have been given. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All right
s reserved.