The ground-state polarization of PbTiO3 thin films is studied using a micro
scopic effective Hamiltonian with parameters obtained from first-principles
calculations. Under short-circuit electrical boundary conditions, (001) fi
lms with thickness as low as three unit cells are found to have a perpendic
ularly polarized ferroelectric ground state with significant enhancement of
the polarization at the surface. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [
S0003- 6951(00)02119-7].