Since 1991, the topography of 80 % of the Antarctic ice sheet and of the wh
ole Greenland ice Sheet has mapped using the altimeter of the European Sate
llite ERS. Topography is an essen-source of information because of its capa
city to highlight the physical processes control shape, or to test models o
f ice sheet dynamics. Moreover, the altimeter is the only means of estimati
ng variations in volume and thus the contribution of rile polar caps to the
present sea level change. (C) 2000 Academie des sciences / Editions scient
ifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS.