The P-1 approximation and the Monte Carlo method are applied in cylindrical
coal-fired furnaces. The absorption and scattering efficiencies and the ph
ase function of coal, char and fly-ash particles are obtained from Lorenz-M
ie theory and wavelength dependent optical properties based on measurements
available in the literature. The influence of each kind of particle on the
radiative heat transfer is investigated. Comparisons between the P-1 and t
he Monte Carlo methods are performed for various particle size distribution
s and mass concentrations. Isotropic and neglecting of scattering are evalu
ated against anisotropic scattering as potential simplifications in enginee
ring applications. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.