K. Takanashi et al., Scanning tunneling microscopy investigation of single electron tunneling in Co-Al-O and Cu-Al-O granular films, J APPL PHYS, 87(9), 2000, pp. 6331-6333
We have investigated single electron tunneling in Co-Al-O and Cu-Al-O granu
lar films using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Topographic images sho
w well-defined granular structures where nanometer-sized metal granules are
embedded in insulating matrix. The Coulomb staircases in the current-volta
ge (I-V) curves are clearly observed even at room temperature in both films
. For the Co-Al-O film, furthermore, negative differential conductance appe
ars in the Coulomb staircase. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S002
1-8979(00)74808-0].