Infectious agents may directly or indirectly (through the response of the h
ost's immune system) modulate the growth of vascular cells. Local and/or sy
stemic increase of cytokines could influence the extent of (re-)stenosis in
the vascular tree. Further studies in this field may identify patients at
a high risk for atherogenesis and restenosis. Their results should be helpf
ul in treating restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions.