Observations of the orientation of single fibers suspended in a polybutene-
based Boger fluid under oscillatory shear were made to test a recent theory
[O.G. Harlen, D.L, Koch, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 73 (1997) 81] that p
redicts a preferred alignment in the flow direction at strain amplitudes mu
ch less than unity. The steady state fiber orientation was found to be depe
ndent on the amplitude of the fiber rotation during a cycle of the oscillat
ion. For large fiber rotations, due to large strain amplitude (epsilon grea
ter than or equal to 1.0) or large fiber projections in the velocity gradie
nt direction, the majority of the fibers drifted slowly towards the vortici
ty axis, as would be expected for steady shear. A slow rotation towards the
flow direction was observed for small strains (epsilon = 0.05), as expecte
d, and for moderate strains with smaller fiber projections in the velocity
gradient direction. The theory predicted the correct order of magnitude of
this orientational drift. The observations at moderate strains suggest the
existence of multiple steady stares with both the flow and vorticity direct
ions being stable fixed points. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights r
eserved.