I-125-labeled ApoE binds competitively to beta(1-40) fibrils with pathological chaperone proteins

Radiolabeled Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) was used in a competitive binding fil tration assay to amyloid fibrils preformed from beta(I-40)peptide as a prob e of the binding sites for proteins either found in senile plaques in Alzhe imer's Disease brain or reported to be associated with the soluble peptide. Apo E, Apo J, Apo A-I, Apo B, laminin, complement components C3 and C4, an d alpha 1-antichymotrypsin all displayed sub-micromolar apparent affinities for the Apo E binding site on fibrils. Transthyretin, alpha 2-macroglobuli n, amyloid P protein, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, complement component C1 q, chondroitin sulfate A, and GM1 ganglioside were much less effective. The epsilon 2, epsilon 3, and epsilon 4 isoforms of Apo E showed different aff inities for fibrils and lipidation of these lipoproteins made little differ ence. Other fibrillar beta-peptides also bound Apo E, with A beta 40 (simil ar to) A beta 42 > A beta(12-28); A beta(25-35) = 0. A series of soluble be ta-peptides and fragments failed to effect Apo E binding. Thus, both confor mational and quaternary structural features are important in high affinity binding of Apo E to A beta 40 fibrils. Different amyloid plaque-associated molecules apparently associate with alternative primary and secondary struc tural features on fibrils.